The switch from 6 volts to 12 volts came about because 12 volts was a more efficient method of powering the items in the cars. Take for example, the starter, you will note that the 6 volt wire is a heavier gauge than the 12 volt wire carrying similar amperage. As cars developed more accessories, there was a need for smaller wire diameters for the wire harness, hence the 12 volt change. The change to all cars being negative ground was an industry wide change to standardize cars. I have heard that a positive ground car eliminated corrosion issues, but have never seen any documentation to prove this. I do know that the automobile manufactures have been in talks for the last few years trying to come up with a standard that will move car electronics to the next level with a much higher voltage, which will result in smaller diameter wire bundles. Last I heard, they were still debating the question of 36 or 48 volt systems. I believe that it is the battery that is presently causing the problem with the change over. A 36 volt battery will require 18 cells, and that is going to take up a lot of real estate under the hood, and a 24 cell (48 volt) battery even more. Understanding the relationship of volts to amps, etc. is a complex equation. As an example, a 14 gauge solid copper wire is not as efficient in transferring current as a 14 gauge finely stranded copper wire. The longer the "run", the heavier gauge wire is required to carry the same amount of current to the end destination.